The third conditional

The third conditional in English is used to talk about hypothetical or unreal situations in the past and their imagined results, which also did not happen. The structure usually takes the form: "If" + past perfect, "would have" + past participle. Here are some exercises to practice forming and using third conditional sentences:

If I hadn't run out of petrol, I wouldn't have had to walk for miles.

**Exercise 1: Complete the third conditional sentences**

1. If I __________ (study) harder, I would have passed the exam.

2. She would have come to the party if she __________ (not be) sick.

3. If they __________ (know) about the traffic, they would have left earlier.

4. We __________ (go) on vacation if we __________ (have) enough money.

5. If he __________ (drive) more carefully, he wouldn't have had an accident.

**Exercise 2: Create your own third conditional sentences**

Imagine scenarios where something could have been different in the past. Write sentences expressing these scenarios using the third conditional. For example:

1. If you had gone to bed early, you would have felt better for the meeting.

2. If the Titanic had hit the iceberg head-on, it might not have sunk.

**Exercise 3: Correct the mistakes**

Some of these third conditional sentences have mistakes. Correct them:

1. If I would have known, I had told you.

2. She would have been happy if he will have proposed.

3. If we had enough time we would have be going to the museum.

4. They would've found the place if they has a map.

5. If you would had listened to me, you wouldn't have lost your keys.

**Exercise 4: Mix and match**

Match the two halves to make correct third conditional sentences:

1. If I had played the lottery,

2. She would have bought the house,

3. If he had applied for the job,

4. We would have missed the flight,

5. If you had told me about the problem,

A. he might have been hired.

B. I might have won some money.

C. if it had been a little cheaper.

D. unless we had rushed to the airport.

E. I would have helped you solve it.

Answers:

1. B (If I had played the lottery, I might have won some money.)

2. C (She would have bought the house, if it had been a little cheaper.)

3. A (If he had applied for the job, he might have been hired.)

4. D (We would have missed the flight, unless we had rushed to the airport.)

5. E (If you had told me about the problem, I would have helped you solve it.)

**Exercise 5: Translate to the third conditional**

Translate the following sentences into English, using the third conditional:

1. Numarasını bilseydim onu arardım. (Bilmiyordum, aramadım.)

2. Alarmı duysaydım toplantıya yetişirdim. (Duymadım, yetişemedim.)  

3. Param olsaydı o gömleği alırdım.

4. Hava sıcak olsaydı yüzmeye giderdik. 

5. Anahtarı kaybetmeseydin soğuk havada dışarıda beklemezdik.