İNGİLİZCE KOÇUM

BASICS OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR  LESSON 1 Verb “To Be” in the Simple Present   Theme: school life and daily routines In the simple present, we use: - am - is - are We use to be to talk about: - who we are - what something is - where people are - how people feel Examples: - I am a student. - She is in the classroom. - We are ready for school. - My books are on the desk. 1. Forms of the verb “to be” Full forms - I am - You are - He is - She is - It is - We are - They are Examples: - I am ten years old. - You are my friend. - He is in Class 5. - She is happy today. - It is my school bag. - We are late. - They are in the library. 2. Short forms We often use short forms in speaking and writing. - I am → I’m - You are → You’re - He is → He’s - She is → She’s - It is → It’s - We are → We’re - They are → They’re Examples: - I’m ready for school. - She’s my best friend. - We’re in the computer room. - They’re tired after PE. 3. When do we use “to be”? a) To talk about people and things ...

SAGALASSOS   The clouds hang low over the Taurus Mountains, clinging to the jagged limestone peaks like wisps of forgotten history. But as you ascend the winding road toward the ancient city of Sagalassos, the mist begins to part, revealing a site that defies the very notion of isolation. Perched 1,500 meters above sea level, overlooking the sun-drenched plains of Burdur, this is a city that literally touches the sky. Often called the "City of Lovers" by locals, Sagalassos is a testament to the sheer audacity of the Pisidian people. While many ancient cities clung to the safety of the valleys, the inhabitants of this metropolis chose the clouds. It was a strategic masterstroke, creating a mountain stronghold that remained virtually untouched by the looting and destruction that leveled its lowland neighbors. A Theater in the Clouds The first thing that strikes you upon entering the site is the silence. There is no cacophony of modern traffic, only the wind whisperi...

The White Treasure of the Coast: The Sand Lily If you walk along the Mediterranean or Black Sea coasts in late summer, you might encounter a beautiful white flower growing directly out of the sand. This is the Sand Lily ( Pancratium maritimum ), one of nature’s most resilient and elegant plants. While most flowers need rich soil and plenty of fresh water, the Sand Lily thrives in harsh conditions where other plants cannot survive. A Tough Survivor The Sand Lily is a perennial bulbous plant. It is perfectly adapted to life on the beach. Its long, silvery-green leaves are designed to withstand strong winds and intense sunlight. Even more impressive is its ability to grow in salty sand and survive the sea spray. During the hottest months of August and September, when the sand is burning, the Sand Lily opens its large, funnel-shaped white flowers. These flowers are not only beautiful but also produce a very sweet fragrance, especially in the evening. Protection and Importance U...

Emperor Domitian  Domitian (Titus Flavius Domitianus) was the Roman Emperor who reigned from 81 to 96 A.D. He was the last of the three emperors of the Flavian dynasty, which also included his father, Vespasian, and his older brother, Titus. Here are the key aspects of his life and reign: Background and Succession:  Domitian was born in 51 A.D. and lived in the shadow of his father and brother for much of his early life. He became emperor following the unexpected death of his brother, Titus, in 81 A.D. Style of Rule:  Domitian was an autocrat who largely bypassed the Roman Senate, preferring to centralize power. He styled himself as dominus et deus ("master and god"), a move that alienated the aristocracy and led to significant friction with the Senate throughout his reign. Governance and Administration: Despite his unpopularity with the elite, he was an effective administrator. He tightened control over the empire's finances, revalued the Roman currency, and...

Writing an e-mail about your holiday experiences  1 Subject: My Amazing Holiday Adventure in Italy! Hi Mike, I hope you're doing well! I just got back from my vacation and I couldn't wait to tell you all about it. I went to Italy for a week and it was an incredible experience. The weather was perfect, sunny but not too hot. I spent most of my time exploring the local sights and enjoying the beautiful scenery. One of my favorite places was the Colosseum, where I got to learn about its fascinating history. It was so exciting! The food there was delicious. I tried authentic pasta carbonara, and it quickly became my favorite meal. The people were really friendly too, which made my trip even more enjoyable. I took lots of photos and can't wait to show them to you. Let's catch up soon so I can tell you more about everything I did. Take care! Best,   Jessica 2 Subject: Greetings from Barcelona! Hi Sarah, I hope you're doing well! I'm writing to you from Barcelona, and ...

The Seaside Enigma ( Easy Version ) Liam was a young boy who was spending his holiday in a small seaside town with his family. The town was full of happy sounds – kids laughing, seagulls calling, and waves gently hitting the shore. Liam loved every bit of it. One sunny afternoon, Liam decided to go swimming alone. He walked to a quiet part of the beach. It wasn’t too far from other people but still felt private. The ocean water was cool, and Liam swam further out, enjoying the freedom. As he floated on his back, he saw someone swimming nearby. It was a young woman with long hair that sparkled in the sun. She saw Liam and smiled, swimming closer. "Hi!" she said. "Are you enjoying the water?" "Yes, it's great," Liam answered, treading water. "My name is Liam. What's yours?" "I'm Eva," she replied. "Nice to meet you." They talked for a while. Eva seemed very friendly, and Liam felt comfortable. But Eva had a secret. ...

Kötü Alışkanlıklardan Kurtulmanın Dört Yönlü Kazancı: Ekonomik ve Fiziksel Dönüşüm Günümüz ekonomik koşullarında gelir artırmak her zaman kolay olmayabilir. Ancak finansal özgürlüğe giden yol sadece "daha fazla kazanmaktan" değil, aynı zamanda "daha az kaybetmekten" geçer. Kötü alışkanlıkları terk etmek, bireye yalnızca para tasarrufu sağlamaz; aynı zamanda zaman, sağlık ve zihinsel berraklık gibi ölçülemeyen ancak paha biçilemez değerler kazandırır. İşte kötü alışkanlıkları bırakmanın yarattığı dört temel kazanç kapısı: 1. Doğrudan Finansal Tasarruf ve Birikim Gücü Kötü alışkanlıkların (sigara, alkol, dürtüsel harcamalar vb.) en somut maliyeti cüzdanınızdadır. Yapılan araştırmalar, sigara ve alkol gibi ürünlerin üzerindeki dolaylı vergilerin ve düzenli alımların hane halkı bütçesinde ciddi bir delik açtığını göstermektedir [ link ]. Bu harcamaların kesilmesi, elde edilen miktarın doğrudan birikim veya yatırım araçlarına yönlendirilmesini sağlar. Örneğin, günlük bir...

Read the passage and answer the following questions  Ephesus is an ancient city in Turkey that was once a major center of trade and culture. Long ago, it was home to one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Temple of Artemis. People from all over the world came to Ephesus to see its beautiful buildings and bustling markets. The city has many well-preserved ruins, such as the grand Library of Celsus and a large theater that could hold thousands of people. Today, Ephesus is a popular tourist attraction where visitors can explore its rich history and impressive architecture. 1. Where is Ephesus located? 2. What was Ephesus once a major center of? 3. Which one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World was located in Ephesus? 4. Why did people from all over the world come to Ephesus long ago? 5. What are some of the well-preserved ruins you can find in Ephesus today? 6. How many people could the large theater in Ephesus hold? 7. Why is Ephesus a popular...

  The Stolen Bicycle   William: Hey, Henry! I heard about your bike. That's terrible! How did it happen? Henry: Yeah, it's a ___1___. I had left it locked outside the cafe while I was ___2___ a coffee. When I came out, it was gone.  William: Oh no, was it parked there for a long time? Henry: Not really, maybe 20 minutes? I did have a cable ___3___ on it, but I guess someone ______ to cut through it. William: That's awful. Did you report it to the police? Henry: Yeah, I had filed a report yesterday. I also let the cafe ___4___ know in case they spot anything on their security cameras. William: Good thinking. It's ___5___ checking out local online marketplaces too—sometimes stolen bikes show up for sale there. Henry: That's a good idea. I'll start looking there. And maybe I'll post about it in some local ___6___ or groups as well. William: Definitely. Let me know if you need help with anything. I can keep an eye out for any ___7___ listings too. Henry: Thanks,...

Little Cloud of Evening Light Verse 1 A little cloud was drifting low,   With golden fire in its hands,   Carrying the sunset’s glow   Across the quiet lands.   It floated over rooftops blue,   Over fields where wildflowers grew,   And whispered to the fading sky,   “Love is never saying goodbye.” Chorus   Little cloud, little cloud, shining so bright,   Loaded with dreams and evening light,   Carry my heart where the warm winds blow,   Tell the world there’s hope below.   Little cloud, little cloud, soft and high,   Paint a promise across the sky,   Where love is found and fear takes flight,   In your arms of evening light. Verse 2  A lonely bird flew by its side,   With tired wings and a trembling song,   The little cloud said, “Come and ride,   I’ll help you move along.”   Together through the amb...