İNGİLİZCE KOÇUM

A) Prefer doing / prefer to do Prefer means to like something better than something else. We use "prefer doing" or "prefer to do" to talk about our preferences in general .  I prefer read ing  a book to watch ing TV. I prefer to read a book rather than watch TV. She prefers driving to work to taking the bus. She prefers to drive to work rather than take the bus. They prefer cooking at home to eating out in restaurants. They prefer to cook at home rather than eat out in restaurants. B) would prefer to do We use "would prefer to do" to say what we choose to do something  now or in the future .  - Let's go out and have a walk in the park. - No, I feel tired. I'd prefer to stay home and have a rest. The museum is a long way away from here. I'd prefer to take a taxi rather than walk .  I'd prefer to go for a walk by the seaside rather than wait here. C) Would rather do = would prefer to do - Shall we study together tonight?  - Well, I...

11th Grade - Theme 9 - My Friends  Listening 1 My best friend is Mia. I like her a lot. I think she’s got a wonderful personality. First of all, Mia is a very kind person. I believe her kindness is one of her greatest strengths. Secondly, she’s so thoughtful. She always thinks about how she can help her friends. She also avoids making people upset. She’s someone who cares about other people’s feelings. She’s not selfish at all. I can’t stand people who only think of their own pleasure. She’s really modest as well. I think that’s great. What’s more, Mia is so honest and trustworthy that I can describe her as a straight arrow. All in all, she’s very special to me. I hope our friendship will never end. Listening 2 I’d like to tell you the day when I met Mia for the first time. That was 2 years ago. I was staying with my grandma. The weather was fantastic that day, so we decided to go to the park for a picnic. The place where we were having our sandwiches was wonderful. A girl who lo...

Theme 8 - Sports  Watch the video to learn some useful vocabulary and phrases to talk about sports Listening 1 Interviewer: Hello! I’m Mike Stone, from the magazine Teen Life. We’re conducting a survey about extreme sports this week. Do you have a few moments? Can you answer my questions? Claire: Yes, of course. Interviewer: What’s your name? Claire: I’m Claire. Interviewer: OK, Claire. Here’s the first question. Are you interested in extreme sports? Claire: Yes. I’m fond of extreme sports because I think they’re exciting. Interviewer: What extreme sports have you tried so far? Claire: Well, I’ve tried surfing, paragliding and snowboarding. Interviewer: What’s your favorite extreme sport? Claire: I love paragliding. It’s fascinating. When I go paragliding, I’m in seventh heaven. I feel really overjoyed. Interviewer: When did you try it for the first time? Claire: I went to Türkiye on holiday 2 years ago. I was in Fethiye, a town on the south-west coast. While I was on the beach in...

Who, Which and That in Defining Relative Clauses Relative pronouns "who," "which," and "that" play a crucial role in defining relative clauses by connecting additional information to the main clause. These pronouns can serve both as subjects and objects within these clauses. Did you see the girl who was running in the forest? They live in a house which is very old. I don't know the people who are swimming in the lake. Relative Pronouns as Subjects 1. ** Who ** - Refers specifically to people.    - **As a Subject**: Describes the person performing the action in the clause.      - Example : "The person who  ordered the pizza hasn't arrived yet."      - In this sentence, "who" acts as the subject carrying out the action of ordering the pizza. 2. ** Which ** - Refers to animals or things.    - **As a Subject**: Describes the animal or thing performing the action in the clause.      - Example : "The book which  contai...

The Passive Voice in English The passive voice in English is formed when the focus of the sentence is on the action or the recipient of the action, not on who or what is performing the action. **Basic Structure of Passive Voice:** - **Form**: be + past participle of the main verb - **General formula**: Subject + Auxiliary Verb (be) + the 3rd form of the main verb (Past Participle) + by + Agent **Present Tense** **Simple Present** - **Active**: The chef cooks the meal. - **Passive**: The meal is cooked by the chef. **Present Continuous** - **Active**: The chef is cooking the meal. - **Passive**: The meal is being cooked by the chef. **Past Tense** **Simple Past** - **Active**: The chef cooked the meal. - **Passive**: The meal was cooked by the chef. **Past Continuous** - **Active**: The chef was cooking the meal. - **Passive**: The meal was being cooked by the chef. **Future Tense** **Simple Future** - **Active**: The chef will cook the meal. - **Passive**: The meal will be cooked by t...

Writing an e-mail about your holiday experiences  1 Subject: My Amazing Holiday Adventure in Italy! Hi Mike, I hope you're doing well! I just got back from my vacation and I couldn't wait to tell you all about it. I went to Italy for a week and it was an incredible experience. The weather was perfect, sunny but not too hot. I spent most of my time exploring the local sights and enjoying the beautiful scenery. One of my favorite places was the Colosseum, where I got to learn about its fascinating history. It was so exciting! The food there was delicious. I tried authentic pasta carbonara, and it quickly became my favorite meal. The people were really friendly too, which made my trip even more enjoyable. I took lots of photos and can't wait to show them to you. Let's catch up soon so I can tell you more about everything I did. Take care! Best,   Jessica 2 Subject: Greetings from Barcelona! Hi Sarah, I hope you're doing well! I'm writing to you from Barcelona, and ...

Listening Test  Senaryolar

Theme 7 Food and Festivals  Listening   Tapescript (Track 24) Dorothy : I’m interested in festivals. They always bring happiness to a place. Mehmet : I’m always excited about our festivals, too. The most important ones are two religious festivals. Dorothy : Can you tell me about them? Mehmet : Sure. They are the Ramadan Feast (Eid al Fitr) and the Sacrifice Feast (Eid-al-Adha). The Ramadan Feast is celebrated at the end of Ramadan with a three-day festival. Dorothy : What do you do then? Mehmet : People dress in their finest clothes, make their homes beautiful and visit family members and friends. Sweets are always offered. Children are given some money, so they like religious festivals. Dorothy : What about the Sacrifice Feast? Mehmet : On the first, second or third day of the festival, sheep, goats or cows are sacrificed according to Islamic traditions. Dorothy : Do you eat all the meat during the feast? Mehmet : No. Some part of the meat is given to the poor. Fried meat...

SCHOOL RULES Bob : Hey Sam, have you noticed how the school is being stricter about the rules lately? Sam : Yeah, I have. I think it's because more students are breaking the rules. But I understand why the rules are important. Bob : True. They help keep everything organized and safe. Like the rule about not running in the hallways—it helps prevent accidents. Sam : Exactly, and the rule about respecting others makes sure everyone feels safe and happy. It makes the school a better place for everyone. Bob : Right, and the rules about turning in homework on time help us learn to be responsible. It's a useful skill for the future. Sam : Definitely. When people don’t follow the rules, it creates problems. Remember last week when students skipped classes? It was hard for teachers to manage, and it disturbed everyone. Bob : Yeah, skipping classes isn't good, and it sets a bad example. Plus, students can get detention or a call home if it happens a lot. Sam : And it can hurt our gra...

Writing a complaint letter Level A2 Dear Manager, I am writing because I am unhappy with my visit to your restaurant on February 15, 2025, when I had dinner with my friends. There were problems with our meal. The food was cold and not like the description on the menu. Also, the service was very slow. We waited more than 30 minutes for our food. We expected better service because it was a special dinner for us. I would like a part of my money back or a discount for another visit. I hope you can fix these problems for the future. Please contact me if you need more information. I look forward to your reply. Thank you for your time. Sincerely,   Level B1+ Dear Manager, I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with a recent dining experience at your restaurant on February15, 2025, when I had dinner with my friends. We experienced several issues during our visit. Firstly, our food was served cold, and it did not match the descriptions on your menu. Additionally, the service was ve...

The Friendship Path Ken had moved to a small town recently and felt very lonely. He didn't have any friends there and missed his old school. The only person he could talk to was his mom. Life seemed boring, and Ken had stopped doing his homework, causing his grades to drop. One evening, Ken's mom sat with him, concerned about his well-being. She asked him to focus on his studies. Annoyed and feeling trapped, Ken shouted, "I'm tired of everything!" After this quarrel, he decided to leave the house for a long walk. The countryside near his home was quiet and seemed to echo his feelings. As he walked, he thought about how lonely he felt. An hour passed before he found a spot under a big tree to sit. He reached for a sandwich in his backpack, and as he ate, the fresh air and silence slowly calmed him down. Feeling a little better after his break, he continued his walk and entered a peaceful wood. There, he spotted a strange old man with a long white beard sitting on a...

The Diamond Necklace  Listen to the story fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Detective Sandra Lewis came to the Gilded Palace Hotel to solve a ________. A special diamond necklace was ________, and it was last seen ________ a fancy party the night before. The owner, Mrs. Abigail Kensington, was very ________ and wanted answers. Detective Lewis talked to the hotel ________ and guests to find out more. Mr. James Cooper, the ________ of security, said the security cameras stopped working ________ at 9 PM. The necklace was last seen ________ this time, when Mrs. Kensington was wearing it at the party. A young hotel worker, Harry, said he saw someone ________ in the back hallways around 9:30 PM, but it was too dark to see clearly. Mrs. Kensington’s assistant, Clara, ________ that the necklace was supposed to be locked in the hotel safe ________. She had been busy with other ________ and asked Mr. Cooper to help, but Mr. Cooper did not follow up with Clara to ________ if it had ...

How to Book a Hotel Room Basic expressions and phrases used during a hotel reservation call Dialogue 1 Guest: Good morning! I would like to make a reservation, please. Receptionist: Good morning! Sure, I can help you with that. When would you like to check in? Guest: I would like to check in on March 5th. Receptionist: And how many nights will you be staying? Guest: I will stay for three nights. Receptionist: Great! How many people will be staying in the room? Guest: It will be for two people. Receptionist: Perfect. What type of room would you like? We have single, double, and suite options. Guest: A double room, please. Receptionist: Alright. Would you like a room with a city view or a garden view? Guest: A city view, please. Receptionist: Noted. Can I have your name, please? Guest: My name is John Smith. Receptionist: Thank you, Mr. Smith. Can I have your contact number, please? Guest: Yes, it’s (103) 452-6789. Receptionist: Thank you! Your reservation is confirmed for a double room ...