İNGİLİZCE KOÇUM

The Passive Voice in English The passive voice in English is formed when the focus of the sentence is on the action or the recipient of the action, not on who or what is performing the action. **Basic Structure of Passive Voice:** - **Form**: be + past participle of the main verb - **General formula**: Subject + Auxiliary Verb (be) + the 3rd form of the main verb (Past Participle) + by + Agent **Present Tense** **Simple Present** - **Active**: The chef cooks the meal. - **Passive**: The meal is cooked by the chef. **Present Continuous** - **Active**: The chef is cooking the meal. - **Passive**: The meal is being cooked by the chef. **Past Tense** **Simple Past** - **Active**: The chef cooked the meal. - **Passive**: The meal was cooked by the chef. **Past Continuous** - **Active**: The chef was cooking the meal. - **Passive**: The meal was being cooked by the chef. **Future Tense** **Simple Future** - **Active**: The chef will cook the meal. - **Passive**: The meal will be cooked by t...

Writing an e-mail about your holiday experiences  1 Subject: My Amazing Holiday Adventure in Italy! Hi Mike, I hope you're doing well! I just got back from my vacation and I couldn't wait to tell you all about it. I went to Italy for a week and it was an incredible experience. The weather was perfect, sunny but not too hot. I spent most of my time exploring the local sights and enjoying the beautiful scenery. One of my favorite places was the Colosseum, where I got to learn about its fascinating history. It was so exciting! The food there was delicious. I tried authentic pasta carbonara, and it quickly became my favorite meal. The people were really friendly too, which made my trip even more enjoyable. I took lots of photos and can't wait to show them to you. Let's catch up soon so I can tell you more about everything I did. Take care! Best,   Jessica 2 Subject: Greetings from Barcelona! Hi Sarah, I hope you're doing well! I'm writing to you from Barcelona, and ...

Listening Test  Senaryolar

Theme 7 Food and Festivals  Listening   Tapescript (Track 24) Dorothy : I’m interested in festivals. They always bring happiness to a place. Mehmet : I’m always excited about our festivals, too. The most important ones are two religious festivals. Dorothy : Can you tell me about them? Mehmet : Sure. They are the Ramadan Feast (Eid al Fitr) and the Sacrifice Feast (Eid-al-Adha). The Ramadan Feast is celebrated at the end of Ramadan with a three-day festival. Dorothy : What do you do then? Mehmet : People dress in their finest clothes, make their homes beautiful and visit family members and friends. Sweets are always offered. Children are given some money, so they like religious festivals. Dorothy : What about the Sacrifice Feast? Mehmet : On the first, second or third day of the festival, sheep, goats or cows are sacrificed according to Islamic traditions. Dorothy : Do you eat all the meat during the feast? Mehmet : No. Some part of the meat is given to the poor. Fried meat...

SCHOOL RULES Bob : Hey Sam, have you noticed how the school is being stricter about the rules lately? Sam : Yeah, I have. I think it's because more students are breaking the rules. But I understand why the rules are important. Bob : True. They help keep everything organized and safe. Like the rule about not running in the hallways—it helps prevent accidents. Sam : Exactly, and the rule about respecting others makes sure everyone feels safe and happy. It makes the school a better place for everyone. Bob : Right, and the rules about turning in homework on time help us learn to be responsible. It's a useful skill for the future. Sam : Definitely. When people don’t follow the rules, it creates problems. Remember last week when students skipped classes? It was hard for teachers to manage, and it disturbed everyone. Bob : Yeah, skipping classes isn't good, and it sets a bad example. Plus, students can get detention or a call home if it happens a lot. Sam : And it can hurt our gra...

Writing a complaint letter Level A2 Dear Manager, I am writing because I am unhappy with my visit to your restaurant on February 15, 2025, when I had dinner with my friends. There were problems with our meal. The food was cold and not like the description on the menu. Also, the service was very slow. We waited more than 30 minutes for our food. We expected better service because it was a special dinner for us. I would like a part of my money back or a discount for another visit. I hope you can fix these problems for the future. Please contact me if you need more information. I look forward to your reply. Thank you for your time. Sincerely,   Level B1+ Dear Manager, I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with a recent dining experience at your restaurant on February15, 2025, when I had dinner with my friends. We experienced several issues during our visit. Firstly, our food was served cold, and it did not match the descriptions on your menu. Additionally, the service was ve...

The Friendship Path Ken had moved to a small town recently and felt very lonely. He didn't have any friends there and missed his old school. The only person he could talk to was his mom. Life seemed boring, and Ken had stopped doing his homework, causing his grades to drop. One evening, Ken's mom sat with him, concerned about his well-being. She asked him to focus on his studies. Annoyed and feeling trapped, Ken shouted, "I'm tired of everything!" After this quarrel, he decided to leave the house for a long walk. The countryside near his home was quiet and seemed to echo his feelings. As he walked, he thought about how lonely he felt. An hour passed before he found a spot under a big tree to sit. He reached for a sandwich in his backpack, and as he ate, the fresh air and silence slowly calmed him down. Feeling a little better after his break, he continued his walk and entered a peaceful wood. There, he spotted a strange old man with a long white beard sitting on a...

The Diamond Necklace  Listen to the story fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Detective Sandra Lewis came to the Gilded Palace Hotel to solve a ________. A special diamond necklace was ________, and it was last seen ________ a fancy party the night before. The owner, Mrs. Abigail Kensington, was very ________ and wanted answers. Detective Lewis talked to the hotel ________ and guests to find out more. Mr. James Cooper, the ________ of security, said the security cameras stopped working ________ at 9 PM. The necklace was last seen ________ this time, when Mrs. Kensington was wearing it at the party. A young hotel worker, Harry, said he saw someone ________ in the back hallways around 9:30 PM, but it was too dark to see clearly. Mrs. Kensington’s assistant, Clara, ________ that the necklace was supposed to be locked in the hotel safe ________. She had been busy with other ________ and asked Mr. Cooper to help, but Mr. Cooper did not follow up with Clara to ________ if it had ...

How to Book a Hotel Room Basic expressions and phrases used during a hotel reservation call Dialogue 1 Guest: Good morning! I would like to make a reservation, please. Receptionist: Good morning! Sure, I can help you with that. When would you like to check in? Guest: I would like to check in on March 5th. Receptionist: And how many nights will you be staying? Guest: I will stay for three nights. Receptionist: Great! How many people will be staying in the room? Guest: It will be for two people. Receptionist: Perfect. What type of room would you like? We have single, double, and suite options. Guest: A double room, please. Receptionist: Alright. Would you like a room with a city view or a garden view? Guest: A city view, please. Receptionist: Noted. Can I have your name, please? Guest: My name is John Smith. Receptionist: Thank you, Mr. Smith. Can I have your contact number, please? Guest: Yes, it’s (103) 452-6789. Receptionist: Thank you! Your reservation is confirmed for a double room ...

  IF CLAUSES  "If clauses" are used to discuss conditions and their potential results. They can be categorized into four types: zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional and third conditional. Here are example situations for each type: 1. Zero Conditional Use: To express general truths or scientific facts. The structure is "If + present simple, present simple." Example Situation: - If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils.   - This means that every time you heat water to that temperature, it will always boil. 2. First Conditional Use: To express a real possibility in the future. The structure is "If + present simple, will + base verb." Example Situation: - If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.   - This indicates that there is a real chance of rain, and if it happens, the picnic will be canceled. 3. Second Conditional Use: To discuss hypothetical situations that are unlikely or impossible. The structure is "If + past ...

School Radio Programme: "Teen Regrets" Listen to the recording and answer the following questions  Presenter: "Hello everyone, and welcome back to 'Teen Talk' on your favorite school radio! Today we’re diving into a topic that many of us can relate to—regrets. Joining me are three amazing teen students: Sarah, Mike, and Jess. Welcome to the show, everyone!" Sarah: "Thanks for having us! Excited to share our thoughts." Mike: "Yeah, thanks! Should be interesting." Jess: "Happy to be here!" Presenter: "Fantastic! Let’s start with you, Sarah. What’s something you regret, and how has it impacted you?" Sarah: "I think my biggest regret is not trying out for the school play last year. I had the chance, but I let my fear of failure hold me back. I’ve always loved acting, and looking back, I realize I could have learned so much from the experience." Presenter: "That’s a common struggle! Mike, what about you? Any ...

Theme 5 - Travel   Student's Book - Page 69 - Part 3 - Tapescript (Track 17) Anthony : Ms Lucky, how long have you been in this job? Ms Lucky : For about 20 years. I’ve been a traveller since 1999. First, I wrote a travel diary. Then, I did it as a job. Anthony : Sorry, did you say you used to write for yourself only? Ms Lucky : Yes, at the beginning. Later I sent them to a newspaper. Anthony : How many countries have you travelled to so far? Ms Lucky : I have visited about 80 countries. Anthony : Have you been to African countries? Ms Lucky : Yes, I have been to South Africa, Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya and others. Anthony : Have you ever been on a safari? Ms Lucky : No, I haven’t been on a safari yet. Anthony : You have already been to Egypt, haven’t you? Ms Lucky : Yes, I have. I’ve seen the pyramids many times. It is really worth seeing. Anthony : You have written books, haven’t you? Ms Lucky : Yes, I have. I wrote two guide books and I’ve just finished a book about Türkiye. Anthony...